A new voice in the lecture hall
There are two variations on how Changli Temple was built. According to one, in 1803 its establishment was sponsored by Chung Lin-chiang, an earlier man of virtue in Neipu. Another version has it that it was built by Li Meng-shu, a practitioner of martial arts. At that time, the nearest Confucian School to Neipu was in Fengshan prefecture some twenty li away, so Neipu's residents engaged a teacher to lecture and cultivate talent. For a time, a learned culture became the trend, producing successful candidates in the imperial examinations for suijinshi (Chiu Kuo-chen), jinshi (Chiang Chang-jung), juren (Chiu Yun-peng, Tseng Chung-li, Tseng Wei-chung, Li Hsiang-jung) and others.
Sponsor Chung Lin-chiang founded the Worship Rites Foundation to help pay costs for the lecturers and their students, and Liutui Keju Foundation to provide funding for candidates taking the county-level exams as well as those traveling to the capital for national exams.
Even after Taiwan was ceded to Japan, Changli Temple still served as the "Chinese" school for local children. "When we were small and before we went to elementary school, we all carried a woven straw bag holding some books such as the Three-Character Classic and Tang dynasty poetry, as well as a small stool, to take to Changli Temple where we studied Chinese." Even today, 60-year-old committee chairman Chung Cheng-hsiung and committee secretary Chiu Hong-chun still recall the sound of what were then perhaps 30 students reading out their texts with their teacher.
In the 1940s as Japan's rule neared its end and China's civil war intensified, except during "exam season," the sound of verse rolling off the tongues of students ceased to be heard, and people seemingly gradually forgot Changli Temple's uniqueness. But last year a number of former students from Neipu born in the 1960s, including Tseng Ta-jen, Liu Hsiao-ming, Li An-chi, Huang Tzu-huan and Chang Wei-cheng, assembled to help re-create the former ambience of the academy where culture was once propagated.
"You can often see young students making an appearance in Changli Temple, which is a sort of 'theme temple' revolving around cultural education," explains Liu Hsiao-ming, chief secretary at Pingtung Community College. "Going to the temple to pray during exams is a shared memory among children in the Neipu area. Building on this, we hoped to re-create the temple's role as a center of cultural learning, and give it the functions of a modern educational foundation."
With Tseng Ta-jen's bookstore as headquarters, a group of young people gathered together and, because Han Yu's birthday was just a month away, each person put forth the resources they had at hand, and then combined those resources with those of Changli Temple. For instance, they worked with the community college's renowned experimental drama troupe to launch an open-air drama based on Han Yu's Funeral Oration for the Crocodile. And woodblock artist Huang Tzu-Huan rendered Han Yu's image as a woodblock, and provided it to the public to print their own honor roll lucky charms.
Fresh with their new concept, the next day the youngsters approached the management committee with their idea. Since the costs need not be borne by the temple, the management committee let the young people give it a try. "Rites for Han Yu" consisted of performances at Crocodile Ode Outdoor Theatre, as well as the printing of honor roll lucky charms, an exhibition of bookplates, batik handkerchiefs and a lecture about old photographs. Just the queue of people who wanted to get a honor roll lucky charm extended outside the temple and then some.
This first ever Rites for Han Yu cost less than NT$100,000, but successfully made a name for Changli Temple while also educating people about the special character of this culture-oriented temple.
With the Celebration of Cultural Sites replacing the traditional festival parade, Rites for Han Yu succeeds in attracting large numbers of children and adults to the temple. The picture shows Neipu’s foetus-shaped Po Kung and Sacred Tree.