Publishing in Taiwan
One reason why Taiwan is an important place for Chinese-language literature is the size of its reading public.
In comparison, Malaysia’s ethnic diversity, combined with the fact that its official language is Malay, means that there isn’t a large enough readership for works in Chinese to form an independent market there, even though many Malaysians are educated at Chinese-medium private secondary schools run by ethnic Chinese, and can read Chinese or even write creatively in Chinese.
“Even though there are Chinese-language publishers in Malaysia now, such as Got One and Mentor, they follow self-publishing or independent publishing models; big Chinese-language publishing corporations seldom take on literary works,” says Tee Kim Tong, an associate professor in the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature at National Sun Yat-sen University who has worked on Malaysian-Chinese literature.
As for Hong Kong, although Chinese is the main language there, its population is only big enough to sustain commercially successful writers. Many writers of literary works in Hong Kong turn to Taiwan for their publishing projects, with the result that some of their books are published in Taiwan but not in Hong Kong. “Simply put, they regard Taiwan as an operations center for Hong Kong literature,” Ko Chia Cian observes.
In addition, the leading literary prizes in Taiwan are remarkably diverse, embracing different genres such as modern poetry, nonfictional prose, fiction, and reportage. In this they contrast with major literary awards overseas—such as the Booker Prize, the Prix Goncourt, and the Akutagawa Prize—which focus on single genres, the vast majority of them being devoted to fiction. Taiwan’s literary marketplace is prosperous: with nearly 40,000 new books published each year, the number of publications per capita here is second only to that in the United Kingdom. Moreover, Taiwan’s regulatory framework for publishing is underpinned by an open-minded attitude: all sorts of subjects and types of books are being published. Books exploring gender issues and social movements, for example, are seldom seen elsewhere in the Chinese-speaking world. All of these constitute the strengths of Taiwan’s creative environment. “Writing is a private undertaking. You can write wherever you are. But if you hope that your writing will go down in history, Taiwan is a good place to work,” says Lee Yu-cheng, a Malaysian-born scholar who has written on Malaysian-Chinese literature, and who formerly served as director of the Institute of European and American Studies at Academia Sinica.
Professor Ko Chia Cian of NTU has collaborated with Japan-based academic Huang Ying-che to produce Japanese translations of works by Malaysian-born writers in Taiwan.